The Republic of Moldova has a population of 3424,4 thousand and is one of the most densely populated European countries.

Moldova is populated by different ethnic groups. A breakdown of major ethnic groups is as follows: Moldovans – 75,8 %, Ukrainians - 8,4 %, Russians – 5,9 %, others (Gagauzians, Romanians, Bulgarians, Gipsy, Jews, etc.).

A high ratio of the population lives in the rural area. The urban population represents 39,7 %. The major cities of Moldova include the capital city, Chisinau (over 755140 people); Balti (127603); Cahul (119 131); Hincesti (119569); Orhei (115828); Soroca (100490); Ungheni(110674); U.T.A. Gagauzia (155711).