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Geography:
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland with an area of some 244.000 square miles is situated on the British Isles which are separated from the European continent by the North Sea, the Strait of Dover and the English Channel. England is the heart of Britain. It is the richest, the most fertile and most populated in the country. The north and the west of the England are mountainous, but all the rest territory is a vast plain. In Northwest England, there are many beautiful lakes with green, wooded or grassy shores and gray mountains all around. It is called Lake District. Scotland is a land of mountains, narrow valleys and plains, famous lakes and no end of large and small islands off the coast. The Highlands of Scotland are among oldest mountains in the world. The highest of them is Ben Nevis. The lakes in Scotland are called "locks". The beautiful Lock Lomond with its thirty islands is the largest. Wales is the smallest land of the UK, but has a considerable variety, from the picturesque mountains of the north [including Snowdoina] to the mining and industrial areas of the south. Northern Ireland was a part of Ireland as a whole before the early 20th century and developed in the middle ages as the Kingdom of Ulster, later the Province of Ulster. The territory is small. It is a land of lakes, rivers and a varied sea coast. Some places are known for their wild beauty, the Glen of Antrim among of them. The Thames is the busiest and the most important river in Great Britain, but it is not very long. The Severn Which flows into the Irish Sea is the longest British river. The Atlantic

Population:
Britain's population is over 57 million. For out of every five people live in towns. Most people in Wales live in the coastal plains. One-third of the people in Scotland live in or near its capital, Edinburg , and its great industrial center, Glasgow.

Polytic situation:
The UK is a constitutional monarchy: the head of the state is a king or a queen. In practice, the Sovereign reins, but doesn't rule: the UK is governed by the Government- a body of Ministers who are the leading members of the political party in power and who are responsible to Parliament. The present Sovereign is Queen Elisabeth 11. The territory of Great Britain is small. Yet the country has a wide variety of scenery. The national symbol of England is the red rose. The national symbol of Wales is a leek or daffodil. The national symbol of Scotland a thistle.

Capitals:
The capital of Wales is Cardiff, capital of Ulster is Belfast, The capital of Wales is Cardiff, an important industrial centre and port. The capital of Great Britain, London, stands on the Thames which flows into the North Sea.

Climate:
The climate of Great Britain is mild. Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf-stream affect the weather of the British Isles. The summer are usually cool and rainy. There is much rain and fog in autumn and in winter. Great Britain is a very damp country.